Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2024 05:20:26 -0600 (MDT)
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Essential Principle:=
The atmosphere changes over time and space giving rise to weather and clim=
ate. (Second Chance)
Hi. My name is Teri Eastburn =
and I will be the blogger/OPL for this session. Our goal is to refine=
the fundamental concepts under the essential principle: The atmosphe=
re changes over time and space giving rise to weather and climate. Pl=
ease feel free to comment and I will be your voice within the session. =
; The procedure will be as follows:
- Review what was decided by the session 6 (please see 5d Powerpoint)
- Individually reflect and refine the fundamental concepts.
- Post stickies with these comments.
- Review comments collectively.
Participating in this session are: Lucy Warner (F=
acilitator - UCAR Communications); Roberta Johnson (UCAR EO); Cindy Hamen (=
The College Board); Deke Arndt (Oklahoma Climatological Survey); Susan Aver=
y (Univ. of Colorado; Julie Gustafson (NATIONAL WILDLIFE FEDERATION); Parke=
r Pennington IV (National Earth Science Teachers Assoc.); Steve Ackerman (U=
niversity of Wisconsin-Madison)
Review and comment on Weather and climate:
- Weather changes over time periods of seconds to weeks; and climate chan=
ges from months to millennia. These changes can be gradual or abrupt =
relative to forcings.
- "Weather" is the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time=
and is influenced by climate.
- Weather and climate are related and linked, but distinctly different su=
bjects=20
- o Weather is short-term, localized conditions in the =
atmosphere
- o Climate is long-term, large-scale statistical avera=
ge conditions
Here are the comments from the statements above:
- wx. and climate are linked but distinctly different different concepts.=
- Sense of group is to replace first item, "Wx changes over time...." and=
use the third above instead.
- Let's say "Wx changes over time and space" and then break out the clima=
te piece and space wx. piece.
- Roberta Johnson: Maybe what we need to address is why it changes over t=
ime and space in terms of the energy exchanges.
- Susan Avery: A lot of these statements are just statements of change wi=
th no explanation of why - external and internal forcings.
- Deke: climate is sensitve to the other spheres acting upon it as compar=
ed to wx (i.e. land use changes effects climate)
- Steve: actually, wx can be sensitive to other spheres too (e.g. lake ef=
fect in terms of snow fall...)
- Let's say: the atmosphere exchanges energy and momentum in time=
and space in response to internal and external forcings that produce chang=
es in wx, climate and space weather. (needs wordsmithing) This =
will be a restatement of a fundamental concept previously stated.<=
/li>
- Comment: what does the word "forcing" mean here?
- Comment by Cindy Hamen: There are terms that are not commonly known in =
the statement above. There's a lot of "unpacking" that will need to b=
e done.
- Deke: It would be nice to define wx and then climate because in m=
y work it is a common question of people of all ages.
Review of concept "Many physical and chemical processes affect the atmos=
phere....
- This belongs with the Earth System standards, not in under this princip=
le.
Review of concept: Wx and climate vary by region based on=
latitude, physical features such as oceans and mountains and variations in=
the circulation of air.
This concept can be coupled with "The atmosphere exchanges energy and mo=
mentus in response to internal forcings that produces wxs., climate and spa=
ce weather.
Comment: We like these but we need bullets underneath to "unpack."=
Review: "Interactions between the atmosphere, ocean and land sur=
face can shape weather features such as hurricanes and climate features suc=
h as ENSO."
Comment: Let's move this one out from under this =
principle.
Review: Many chemical and physical processes affect the atmosphere=
. Feedbacks can amplify or dampen atmospheric changes
Comment: Reword to: Energy and imbalances and the resp=
onse to those imbalances cause movements in the atmosphere. We need to add a sub-bullet to space wx.
Review: Human activities contribute to weather and climate variabi=
lity and change. Some changes can not be explained without taki=
ng human activity into account
Comment: Some suggest that we should eliminate this as there=
is a fundamental principle on this.
Comment of Julie Gustafson: I disagree that we should remove it.=
p>
Comment Deke: I have a compromise. We include the human impa=
cts under one of the concepts under climate. (Many disagreed.)
Comment: Let's just drop the first half and say: So=
me atmospheric changes can not be explained without taking human activity i=
nto account.
Here are the concepts we've =
flushed out here. We do not feel we are finished and that there is mo=
re work needed.
- The atmosphere exchanges energy and momentum in time and space =
in response to internal and external forcings that produce changes in wx, c=
limate and space weather. (Agreed that this needs wordsmithing)
- Space weather bullet needs to be added.
=
Wx and climate vary by region based on latitude, physical features such as =
oceans and mountains and variations in the circulation of air.
- Energy and imbalances and the response to those imbalances caus=
e movements in the atmosphere.
- Some atmospheric changes can not be explained without taking hu=
man activity into account.
- Do we define weather, climate, space weather here?
This session is now over. Thank you.
Online Viewers: Please use the "Add Comments" button below=
to add your comments and suggestions.
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