July 18, 20:50 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, Russ and Dan visited the sites from 13:00-15:15 pm (CDT) to check growth stages/ heights of crop (in an upcoming blog post); Hazy skies, hot and muggy conditions with light SSW to SW winds
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.4 at night,
P: ok, pressure steady around 977 mb overnight through early morning; dropping to 974 mb by early evening
T.2m: ok, night: stn1 & 4 about 0.3-0.5 degree cooler than other stn 2
dayt: stn 2 about 0.5 degrees warmer than stn 1 & 3, 0.7 warmer than stn 4 (stn 2 max near 34 C!)
RH.2m: 95-100% nighttime; dropping to 75-80% by afternoon
night: stn 4 5% RH higher than other sites
daytime stn 4 ~7-10%RH higher than stns 2, and ~5%RH higher than stn 1 & 3 [moisture effects due to mature corn with larger Potential evapotranspiration at Stn 4?]
H2O.2m: ok, nighttime from 27 to 21 g/m^3, up to 27-28 g/m^3 by mid afternoon
night: stn 1 about 1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.7 g/m^3 drier than stn 2, 0.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 3
day: stn 1 about 1.0-1.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.5 g/m^3 more dry than stns 2 & 3
Wetness: dew formation from 20:30 (July 17) through 7:00, sensor dry by 9:00
T.10m: ok, range of 24.5 to 33 degrees
night: stn 2 about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer than other sites from 1:00-6:30
day: stn 1 has 0.3-0.5 degrees warmer than other sites from 11:30-17:00
RH.10m: ok, before midnight stn 4 few%RH lower other sites; afternoon stn 2 few%RH higher than other sites, stn 1 few%RH lower than stn 2-4 from 4:30-5:30
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: stn 2 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 more moist than other stns
morning and afternoon stn 4 sometimes 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 less than stn 2 (Sites 1 & 3 in between stn 2 & 4)
Spd.10m: ok, stn 1 about 1.0-1.2 m/s less than stn 2, and 0.5 m/s less than stn 3 & 4 much of overnight (influence of a turbines from 8:30 (July 17)-8:00?
daytime: close agreement for all sites
Dir.10m: ok, SSW to SW flow before sunrise, WSW to SW flow morning and afternoon (turbines in afternoon mostly from SSW to SW)
T.10m - T.2m: ok, night: most sites in agreement with about 0.7 to 1.0 degrees warmer at 10m vs. 2m
day: stn2 1.0 to 1.5 degree warmer at 2m vs. 10 m than stns 1 & 4, 0.7 degrees warmer at 2m vs. 10 m than at stn 3
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient (0.7-1.0 g/m^3 more moist at 2m v.s 10m) than site 1 & 3, 0.5 more moist at 2m than for stn 2
daytime stn 4 is 1.0-1.5 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (again earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
stn 2 & 3 about 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than for stn 1
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m, speed difference about same (1.0 m/s less at stn 1 vs. other sites)
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m
w.4.5m: ok, night: stn 1 & 4 have least w<0 ~-0.02 m/s stn 2 & 3 are about -0.06 m/s
morning and afternoon stn 1 & 4 have slightly positive vertical motion, stn 2 about -0.06 m/s and stn 3 -0.12 m/s
tc.4.5m: ok, night: stn 1 about 0.5 degrees cooler than stn 4, other stns in between from 2:00-6:00
day: stns 3 & 4 about 0.3-0.5 degrees warmer than stn 1 & 2
ldiag: ok, a few samples missing right at moment of dew accumulation before midnight
vh2ov: not ok, stn 2 mostly btwn 30-50 mV
stn 4 mostly at or above 20-50 mV, spike voltage during overnight up to 150 mV
kh2o: not ok, stns 2 & 4 are about 1-1.5 g/m^3 lower than stns 1 & 3
stn 4 has anomalous drop during 4:00-6:00 (dew/fog effects?)
daytime: stn 2 about 1.5-2.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4; ~2.5-3.0 g/m^3 drier than stns 1 & 3
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 20-27 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 about 0.5 to 0.7 g/m^3 more vapor than stn 3 during much of night
daytime: stn 1 about 1.0-1.5 g/m^3 more vapor than stn 3 most of morning an daytime
lidiag (licor): ok
TKE.4.5m: most of night stn 1 about 0.2 units less TKE than other sites, few periods with stns 3 & 4 in btwn stn 2 and stn 1 values (0.1 m^2/s^2 less than at stn 2)
mid morning inversion breakup period 9:00-11:00 shows slightly higher TKE at stns 3-4 vs. 1-2
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar nighttime pattern in u'u' and somewhat in v'v'
u* : ok, similar to pattern in TKE.4.5m, also seen in v'w' stress
w'T' : ok, stn 2 & 4 about -0.02 C m/s more negative flux than stn 1 for overnight
day: stn 3 about 0.02 C m/s more positive flux than other sites (especially stn 2 & 4) from 9:30 to 15:00
w'h2o': ok, no big difference in fluxes during nighttime
much of daytime: stn 1 & 3 about 0.04 g/m^2/s greater than stn 4, and 0.1-0.12 g/m^2/s greater than stn 2
(full height of corn reached at site 4 over the weekend so transpiration decreased?)
h2o'h2o': stns 1 &3 in close agreement night and day; stn 1,3-4 are about 0.6-1.0 (g/m^3)^2 more than variance at stn 2
kh2o'kh2o': not ok, spikes in nighttime variance at stn 4,
daytime: stn 2 0.6 g/m^2/s less than stn 4, stn 4 close to Sites 1 & 3
stn 2 seems still low reading than at stn 4
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, night: mostly in agreement
daytime: stn 3 greater co2 uptake than stn 1 most of mid morning through late afternoon
co2'co2': ok, very small values (10^-4 (g/m^3)^2) but less nighttime variance at stn 3 vs. stn 1; daytime sites are in close agreement
July 17, [July 18 19:45 CDT ]
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on site
clear to partly cloudy skies in the morning, few sprinkles over noon hour, hot and muggy with light winds from the S to SSW the rest of the day/evening
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.4 at night,
P: ok, pressure rising in morning up to 979 mb, drop down to 977 mb during/after noon-time sprinkles/light showers
T.2m: ok, before midnight stn4 about 0.3-0.5 degree cooler than other sites
stn 2 warmer by 0.5-0.7 degrees than other stns 1 & 3 most of daytime; stn 4 cooler than stns 1 & 3 by 0.5-0.7 degrees
RH.2m: 90-100% nighttime; dropping to 75-80% by afternoon
night: stn 4 3-5% RH higher than other stns 2 and about 7%RH higher than other stn 1 & 3
daytime stn 4 ~7-10%RH higher than stns 1&2, and ~5%RH higher than stn 3 [moisture effects due to mature corn with larger Potential evapotranspiration at Stn 4?]
H2O.2m: ok, nighttime from 27 to 19 g/m^3, up to 27-28 g/m^3 by mid afternoon
night: stn 1 about 1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, few tenths drier than stns 2 & 3
day: stn 1 about 1.5-2.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.5 g/m^3 more dry than stns 2 & 3
Wetness: dew formation from 0:30 to 7:00, sensor dry by 8:30 but wet again from thundershower at 11:30-12:00, wetness disappears by 13:45
T.10m: ok, range of 24.5 to 33 degrees Celsius
stn 1 about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer than other sites for late morning to afternoon (except for period of clouds and rain fall)
RH.10m: ok, before midnight stns 1 few%RH lower other sites; afternoon stn 1 few%RH lower than other sites
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: stn 2 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4 (other sites in btwn 2 & 4)
morning and late afternoon stn 4 sometimes 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 less than stn 2 (other sites in between stn 2 & 4)
Spd.10m: ok, stn 1 about 1.0 m/s less than stn 2 & 4, and 0.7 m/s less than stn 3 much of overnight (influence of a turbines from 21:00 (July 16)-7:00
daytime: close agreement for all sites
Dir.10m: ok, SSE to S flow before midnight, SSW before clouds and rain shower (WSW) then back to S and SSW by evening
T.10m - T.2m: ok, night: stn 4 is about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than other sites at least from 20:00 (July 16) - 1:00, no difference btwn sites 3:00-7:00
day: stn2 0.7 to 1.0 degree warmer at 2m vs. 10m than for mid morning (before rainfall) and mid-late afternoon and evening
during rain event thermal gradient differences are negligible
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient (0.7-1.0 g/m^3 more moist at 2m v.s 10m) than site 1 & 3, 0.5 more moist at 2m than for stn 2
daytime stn 4 is 1.0 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (again earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
stn 2 & 3 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than for stn 1
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m, difference of speed seems less (0.5-0.7 m/s)
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m
w.4.5m: ok, before midnight: stns 1 & 2 less descent (-0.02 m/s) than stns 3 & 4 (-0.06, -0.04 m/s)
after midnight-sunrise, stn 3 & 4 have w<0 of around -0.1 m/s
morning before rain stn 4 close to stns 1 & 2 (-0.05 m/s), stn 3 has w~-0.10 m/s
afternoon (after rain) stn 2 slightly positive , stns 1 & 4 ~ 0, stn 3 w~-0.12 m/s
tc.4.5m: ok, night: stn 4 about 0.5 degrees warmer than stn 1, other stn in between
day: before rain, stns in close agreement; late afternoon-evening stn 1 & 2 about 0.3-0.5 degrees cooler than stn 3 & 4
ldiag: ok
vh2ov: not ok, stn 2 mostly btwn 40-60 mV, down and up spike during rain (10 mv to ~100 mV)
stn 4 mostly at or above 40 mV, spike in overnight up to 150 mV; also down/up spike during rain event
kh2o: not ok, stns 2 & 4 are about 1-1.5 g/m^3 lower than stns 1 & 3
stn 4 has anomalous drop during 2:00-7:30 (dew/fog effects?)
daytime: stn 2 about 0.7-1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4; ~2g/m^3 drier than stns 1 & 3
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 18-24 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 about 0.5 to 0.7 g/m^3 more vapor than stn 3 during much of night
daytime: close agreement or at most 0.3 g/m^3 drier at stn 3 vs. 1 for late afternoon/evening
lidiag (licor): ok, few samples missing during rain shower
TKE.4.5m: most of night stn 1 about 0.2 units less TKE than other sites, stns 2 & 4 slightly higher than stn 3,
mid morning inversion breakup period 9:00-11:00 shows slightly higher TKE at stns 1-2 vs. 3 & 4
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and somewhat in v'v'
u* : ok, similar to pattern in TKE.4.5m, also seen in v'w' stress
w'T' : ok, stn 2 & 4 about -0.02 C m/s more negative flux than stn 1 & 3 for overnight
day: mostly in agreement except during 9:00-11:00 stn 4 slightly less positive heat flux than stns 1 & 3, stn 2 in between those and 4
w'h2o': ok, no big difference in fluxes during nighttime
stn 1 & 3 about 0.04 g/m^2/s greater than stn 4, and 0.08 g/m^2/s greater than stn 2
h2o'h2o': stns 1 &3 in close agreement night and day, stn 1, 3-4 are about 0.05 to 0.1 (g/m^3)^2 more than variance at stn 2
kh2o'kh2o': not ok, spikes in nighttime variance, stn 2 0.5 g/m^2/s less than stn 4, stn 4 close to Sites 1 & 3
daytime: stn 2 seems to be reading low (compared to stn 4)
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, night: most in in agreement
daytime: stn 3 a bit greater co2 uptake than stn 1 from 8:30-11:30 and 2:30-5:30
co2'co2': ok, similar pattern to w'co2', but slightly less noticeable of differences in morning/afternoon
July 16, 13:15 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on site
partly cloudy skies much of overnight and morning from remnant thunderstorm complex that originated in KS/NE
clouds and haze in the afternoon
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.4 at night,
P: ok, pressure mostly steady at 973 mb until 7:00, rise to around 975 mb by 11:00
T.2m: ok, before midnight stn4 about 0.5 degree cooler than other sites
stn 2 warmer by 0.5 degrees than other sites most of daytime
RH.2m: 90-100% nighttime; dropping to 75-80% by afternoon
night: stns 4 3-5% RH higher than other stns 2 & 3 and about 7%RH higher than other stn 1
daytime stns 4 ~5-7%RH higher than stns 1 & 2, and ~few%RH higher than stn 3 [moisture effects due to mature corn with larger Potential evapotranspiration at Stn 4?]
H2O.2m: ok, nighttime from 26 to 19 g/m^3, up to 26-27 g/m^3 by mid afternoon
night: stn 1 about 1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, few tenths drier than stns 2 & 3
day: stn 1 about 1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 drier than stns 2 & 3
Wetness: from last evening rain shower sensor dry by 23:00 Jul 15; another shower from 5:00-6:00, sensor dry by 8:45
T.10m: ok, before midnight stn 4 slightly cooler than stns 1-3; close agreement at all site after midnight
stn 1 about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer than other sites for late morning to afternoon
RH.10m: ok, before midnight stns 1 few%RH lower other sites; daytime from 8:30 to 14:00 stn 1 few%RH lower than other sites
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: stn 2 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4 (other sites in btwn 2 & 4)
stn 4 sometimes few tenths g/m^3 less than other sites for the mid morning and late afternoon
Spd.10m: ok, sites mostly with same speed for much of overnight except for a ~0.5 m/s less at stn 1 than other sites from 1:00-2:00
daytime: close agreement for all sites
Dir.10m: ok, E to ESE flow before midnight, veering to SE and eventually SSE around sunrise, mostly SSE into the morning/afternoon
T.10m - T.2m: ok, night: stn 4 is about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than at stn 2, less so for stn 1 & 3
day: stn2 0.7 to 1.0 degree warmer at 2m vs. 10m than for stn 1 from 9:30-11:00
stn2 about 0.5-0.7 degrees more unstable than other sites rest of morning/afternoon
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient (0.7-1.0 g/m^3 more moist at 2m v.s 10m) than site 1, 0.5 more moist at 2m than for stns 2 & 3
daytime stn 4 is 1.0 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (again earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
stn 2 & 3 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than for stn 1
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m, less clear of stn 1 drop at 1:00-2:00 also slightly higher speed at stn 1 than other sites around 22:00 (Jul 15)
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m, also slightly more ESE flow vs. SE flow at stn 1 vs. other sites during 1:00-2:00
w.4.5m: ok, before midnight: stns 1 & 2 less descent (-0.04 m/s) than stns 3 & 4 (-0.14, -0.10 m/s)
after midnight-sunrise, stations in close agreement, still more negative spikes by stn 3 and positive ones by stn 2
early to mid morning: same feature, stability forces controlling the pattern are being damped by 'cloud cover'
tc.4.5m: ok, before midnight: stns in close agreement
after midnight SE flow: stn 1&2 about 0.5 degree cooler than sites 3 & 4
daytime stns in close agreement except during PBL transition period 7:00-8:30? (0.5 degrees cooler at stn 2 vs. stn 3&4)
ldiag: ok few 100s of samples missing during morning/afternoon after the rainfall
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 mostly btwn 50-80 mV, down to near zero during rain periods
stn 4 mostly btwn 40-70 mV, similar pattern as at Site 2
kh2o: ok, stns 2 & 4 are about 1-1.5 g/m^3 lower than stns 1 & 3
night and day: stn 2 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 4
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 18-24 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 3 about 0.5 to 0.7 g/m^3 more vapor than stn 1 during much of night
daytime: close agreement except in early-mid morning
lidiag (licor): ok, few missing samples at stn3 around time of rainfall
TKE.4.5m: ok, sites mostly in agreement, short nighttime 1hr periods for stn 2 and stn 1 with about 0.15 (m/s)^2 less TKE than for other stns
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and v'v'
u* : ok, similar to pattern in TKE.4.5m, also seen in u'w' stress
w'T' : ok, most sites have very close flux (within 0.01 C m/s or less)
w'h2o': ok, similar agreement as in w'T' except for daytime stn 2 slightly lower than other sites during mid morning
h2o'h2o': stns 1 &3 in close agreement night and day, stn 1, 3-4 are about 0.05 to 0.1 (g/m^3)^2 more than variance at stn 2
kh2o'kh2o': not ok during night stn 4 about 0.05 units higher than at stn 2 (close to other sites)
daytime: stn 2 seems to be reading low (compared to stn 4)
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, slight period of night when flux >0 (2.5^10-4 g/m^2/s) at stn 3 vs. stn1 from 23:00 (Jul 15) thru 2:00
daytime stn 3 a bit greater co2 uptake before haze took over around 10:30
close agreement in afternoon
co2'co2': ok, similar pattern to w'co2', but slightly more variance in afternoon at stn 3 vs. stn 1
In the CWEX11 S directory at EOL is a file of Splus code, latlonalt.q, for computing averages of the GPS values of latitude, longitude and altitude.
I ran it on 6 days of data from Jul 9 11:15 to Jul 15 16:00 (arbitrary period), and it returned the following:
stn |
Lat(deg) |
Lat stddev(deg) |
Lon(deg) |
Lon stddev(deg) |
Alt(m) |
Alt stdev(m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
42.06605 |
1.101896e-05 |
-93.28521 |
9.501855e-06 |
339.0 |
1.8 |
2 |
42.06977 |
1.317406e-05 |
-93.28515 |
1.091214e-05 |
340.4 |
1.8 |
3 |
42.07344 |
1.417124e-05 |
-93.28522 |
1.358779e-05 |
340.0 |
2.0 |
4 |
42.07679 |
1.39572e-05 |
-93.28523 |
1.211881e-05 |
341.6 |
2.0 |
Note that the GPS does not provide a highly accurate estimate for altitude, the std deviations are about 2 meters.
Here's a kml file viewable in GoogleEarth, cwex_ncar.kml, with the above positions.
July 15, 19:55 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, ISU crew serviced towers 2 & 4 to clean krypton sensors
SSE to S flow, rain shower toward end of the afternoon
after cleaning sensors, krypton voltage still a bit low (high humidity impact still creating anomalous variances and means?)
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night, morning clouds/showers reduced voltage until 11:00 CDT
P: ok, pressure mostly steady at 973 mb until early afternoon 13:00; falling to 971 mb and leveling off during shower onset ~16:30
T.2m: ok, before midnight stn4 about 0.7-1.0 degree cooler than other sites
stn 2 warmer by 0.7-1.0 degrees than other sites most of daytime (before rain shower occurrence)
RH.2m: 85-100% nighttime; dropping to 80% by afternoon
night: stns 4 5-7% RH higher than other stns 1 & 3 and about few&RH higher than other stn 2
daytime stns 4 ~5-7%RH higher than stns 1 & 2, and ~few%RH higher than stn 3 [moisture effects due to mature corn with larger Potential evapo-transpiration at Stn 4?]
H2O.2m: ok, nighttime from 21 to 18 g/m^3, up to 26 g/m^3 by mid afternoon
night: stn 1 about 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 2 and somewhat stn 3
day: stn 1 about 1.0-1.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.5 g/m^3 more dry than stn 2, few g/m^3 more moist than stn3
Wetness: dew collection on sensor from 3:30-7:00, wetness disappears by 8:00, rainfall 17:30-18:00, sensor still wet afterward
T.10m: ok, before midnight stn 4 about 0.5 degree cooler than stn 1, stn 2 and 3 in between 1 & 4
stn 1 about 0.5-0.7 degree warmer than other sites for later morning to afternoon (before rain, then stn differences are negligible)
RH.10m: ok, before midnight stns 1 few%RH lower other sites; daytime from 8:30 to 14:00 stn 1 few%RH lower than other sites
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: stn 2 0.3 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4 (other sites in btwn 2 & 4)
stn 4 sometimes few g/m^3 less than other sites for the mid morning and late afternoon
Spd.10m: ok, sites mostly with same speed for much of overnight except for a ~1.0 m/s less at stn 1 than other sites (LLJ 'ramp-down' occurrence for SE flow from 3:00-6:00)
daytime: close agreement for all sites, slightly less speed at stn 3 and slightly higher speed at stn 2
Dir.10m: ok, ESE flow before midnight, shifting to SE in period of LLJ cascade? , SSE in early-mid morning followed by S to slightly SSW around noon then back to SSE
T.10m - T.2m: ok, night: stn 4 is about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than for other sites
day: stn2 1.0 to 1.5 degrees warmer at 2m vs. 10m than for stn 1, about 0.7 degrees more unstable than stns 3 & 4
later afternoon rainfall: stn 4 about 0.5-0.7 warmer at 10 m vs. 2 m than for stn 2, few tenths difference btwn stn 4 and stn 1 &3
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient (0.7-1.0 g/m^3 more moist at 2m v.s 10m) than sites 1 & 3, 0.5 more moist at 2m than for site 2
daytime stn 4 is 1.0 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (again earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
stn 2 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than for stn 1
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m, also higher speed at stn 1 than other sites a 1-1.5 hours before midnight (more ESE flow?)
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m
w.4.5m: ok, night: stns 1 & 2 less descent (-0.02 m/s) than stns 3 & 4 (-0.08-to -0.12 m/s)
early to mid morning: 3 & 4 more w<0 (-0.14 m/s) (-0.12 m/s) than stn 1 (-0.02 m/s) or stn 1 (-0.06 m/s)
later morning to early afternoon w in agreement at all sites; after rain, stn3 &4 more w<0 than other stations
tc.4.5m: ok, before midnight ESE flow: stns 1 about 0.5 degree warmer than other sites
after midnight SE flow: stn 1&2 about 0.5 degree cooler than sites 3 & 4
late morning to afternoon stn 3 & 4 slightly warmer than stn 2
ldiag: ok
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 mostly btwn 50-100 mV, down to near zero during rain periods, leveling to 70 mV by early evening
stn 4 mostly btwn 50-70 100 mV, similar pattern as at Site 2 but lower voltage by late afternoon (under 50 mV)
kh2o: ok, after cleaning sensors? nighttime is fiar agreement except for drop at Stn 4 (sensor getting wet?)
daytime: stn 4 about 0.5-0.7 degree warmer than stn 2
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 14-24 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 3 about 0.5 to 0.7 g/m^3 more vapor than stn 1 during much of night
daytime: close agreement
lidiag (licor): ok
TKE.4.5m: ok, stn 4 slightly lower TKE (~0.20 m^2/s^2) than Sites 1 & 2 from 9:30 (July 14) to midnight (during LLJ ramp-up?)
stn 1 0.2 m^2/s^2 lower than other sites from 3:00-6:00 (during LLJ cascade-down?)
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and somewhat in v'v'
u* : ok, similar to pattern in TKE.4.5m, also seen in u'w' and v'w' stress
w'T' : ok, before midnight slightly more negative flux at stn 3 &4
from 3:00-6:00 about -0.02 C m/s more negative flux at sites 3 &4 than 1 &2
daytime: close to same heat flux at all sites
w'h2o': ok, all sites in close agreement for nighttime flux
stn 2 least daytime vapor flux of all sites: max~0.10 g/m^2/s, other stns 1&3 flux max at about 0.18 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': more variance (0.10 (g/m^3)^2) at stns 1 & 3-4 than sits 2, Sites 1 & 3 in close agreement
kh2o'kh2o': not ok night through early morning: spikes during raising/lowering the tower masts and the evening rain events,
early-mid afternoon: stn 2 about 0.30 (g/m^3)^2 smaller flux than stn 4, ~0.40 (g/m^3)^2 less than at stns 1 & 3
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, slight period of night when flux >0 (2.5^10-4 g/m^2/s) at stn 3 vs. stn 1 (during LLJ ramp-up and ramp-down period?)
daytime stn 3 a bit greater co2 uptake mostly from 14:00-15:30 and from 19:00-20:00
after rain event more flux >0 at site 3 vs. site 1 (but small as in the previous night)
co2'co2': ok, similar pattern to w'co2' from 14:00-15:00 otherwise Site 1 & 3 in good agreement
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site,
northerly to ENE nighttime flow, NE to E flow in daytime,
periods where krypton sensor have voltage blw 100 mV and correspondingly anomalous variances and mean
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night, morning clouds/showers reduced voltage until 11:00 CDT
P: ok, pressure steady until 13:00; falling 4mb from 976mb until 17:00; generally hovering around 973 mb
T.2m: ok, stn4 about 0.7-1.0 degree cooler than stns 1 & 2 most of overnight; stn 3 about 0.3-0.5 warmer than stn 4
stn 2 warmer by 0.5-0.7 degrees than other sites most of daytime
RH.2m: 90-95% nighttime; dropping to 80% by afternoon
night: stns 4 5-10% RH higher than other stn 1 and about 3-5% higher than other stns
daytime stns 4 ~5-7%RH higher than stns 1&3, and ~10% higher than stn 2
[Are moisture effects due to more mature corn with larger Potential evapo-transpiration at Stn 4?]
H2O.2m: ok, 15-17 g/m^3 before midnight night, drop to under 14 g/m^3 before sunrise, steady rise to 21 g/m^3 in late afternoon
night: stn 1 about 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.2 g/m^3 drier than stns 2 & 3
day: stn 1 about 1.0 g/m^3 drier than stn 4, 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 more dry than stn 3, few g/m^3 more dry than stn2
Wetness: slight wetness around 21:00-21:30 (Jul 13), showers made sensor wet from 6:00-9:00 10:00-11:30, 14:30-15:00
T.10m: ok, stns 1 & 2 about 0.3-0.5 degree warmer than stns 2 & 4 from 10:00 (Jul 13) to 4:00
stn 1 about 0.5 degree warmer than other sites for several daytime hours
RH.10m: ok, most of night stns 1 & 2 few%RH lower than stns 3 & 4; daytime stn 1 few%RH lower than other sites
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: most sites within a few tenths g/m^3 of each other
stn 4 sometimes 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 less than other sites for the mid morning and late afternoon
Spd.10m: ok, sites mostly with same speed for much of overnight except for a 1.0 m/s separation from stn 1 and stn 3 from 2:00-4:00 (also during a ramp-up in possible LLJ signature?)
daytime: close agreement for all sites, slightly lower wspd at Site 3 during mid-late afternoon
Dir.10m: ok, E flow before midnight, shifting to ESE in period of LLJ? , more SE in the daytime
T.10m - T.2m: ok, most sites giving same positive gradient in nighttime temperature
daytime stn2 1.0 to 1.5 degrees warmer at 2m vs. 10m than for stn 1, about 0.5 degrees more unstable than stns 3 & 4
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient (0.5-0.7 g/m^3 more moist at 2m v.s 10m) than sites 1 & 2, sometimes stn 3 much of the night
daytime stn 4 is 1.0 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (again earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m
w.4.5m: ok, night: stn 2 less descent (-0.02 m/s) than stns 3 & 4 (-0.08-to -0.12 m/s)
daytime stns 3 & 4 more w<0 (-0.14 m/s) (-0.12 m/s) than stn 1 (-0.02 m/s) or stn 1 (-0.06 m/s)
tc.4.5m: ok, before midnight E flow stns 3&4 0.5-0.7 degree cooler than stns 1&2;
after midnight during [LLJ occurrence?] stn 1 about 0.5 degree warmer than other sites
late afternoon stn 3 & 4 slightly warmer than stns 1 &2
ldiag: ok
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 mostly above 100mV, down to near zero during rain periods, leveling to 80 mV by late afternoon
stn 4 mostly above 100 mV, similar pattern as at Site 2 but lower voltage by late afternoon (70 mV)
kh2o: ok, night: stn 4 is reading about 1.0-1.2 g/m^ more moist than stns 1 & 2, about 0.5 m^3 more moist than at stn 3
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 13-20 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 & 3-4 give 1.0 g/m^3 higher reading than stn 2 for late afternoon
lidiag (licor): ok
TKE.4.5m: ok, stns 3 & 4 slightly lower TKE (~0.20 m^2/s^2) than Sites 1 & 2 from midnight through 4:00 (especially during LLJ ramp-up)
daytime, all sites are in agreement
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and v'v'
u* : ok, not as clear of nighttime separation of sites as in TKE.4.5m;
v'w' signature has greater absolute stress at stns 1 & 2 (-0.08 (m/s)^2) than at 3 & 4 (-0.02 to -0.04 (m/s)^2) during LLJ ramp up
also daytime more v'w' stress < 0 at stn 4 vs. stn 3
w'T' : ok, nighttime: most stations in agreement within -0.01 C m/s
daytime: slightly lower at stn 4 than other sites but stations mostly in agreement
w'h2o': ok, stn 3 slightly higher nighttime vapor flux than other sites
stn 2 least daytime vapor flux max~0.08 g/m^2/s, other stns 1&3 flux max at about 0.14 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': ok, morning: more variance (0.05 (g/m^3)^2) at stns 1 & 3 than sites 2 & 4
early-mid afternoon: stn 2 about 0.10 (g/m^3)^2 smaller flux than stn 4, ~0.20 (g/m^3)^2 less than stns 1 & 3
kh2o'kh2o': ok, some spikes during morning rain events
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, slight period of night when flux >0 (2.5^10-4 g/m^2/s) at stn 3 vs. stn 1
daytime stn 3 a bit greater co2 uptake mostly from 16:00-18:00
co2'co2': ok, similar pattern to w'co2'
July 13, 17:02 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site
NE nighttime flow, ENE wind in mid morning switching to E before noon
long afternoon period of easterly flow to capture likely 'wake influences' from the turbines at stns 1 & 2 and less so at stns 3-4
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night,
P: ok, for night and early morning: stns 1&2 about 0.5 mb higher than stn 3, stn3 about 0.25 mb lower than stn 4
T.2m: ok, stn4 about 0.5 degree cooler than stns 1 & 3 1 hr before midnight;
stn 2 warmer by 0.25 degrees than other sites for most of night and early morning
late morning to afternoon stn 2 about 1.0-1.5 degree warmer than other sites
RH.2m: 90-95% nighttime; dropping to 70%-75% by afternoon
night: stns 4 5% RH higher than other sites around midnight, few%RH higher rest of night
daytime stns 4 ~5%RH higher than stns 1 & 3, stn 2 about 5%RH lower than stns 1 & 3
H2O.2m: ok, 18 g/m^3 before midnight night, drop to around 13 g/m^3 before sunrise, back to 17 g/m^3 in late afternoon
stn 1 about 0.3 g/m^3 drier than other sites all of nighttime
stn 4 about 0.5 to 1.0 g/m^3 more moist than stns 1-2, 3 from late morning-late afternoon
stns 1-2 slightly drier than stn 3 also in afternoon
Wetness: sensor lost wetness around 19:00 (Jul 12) from previous afternoon showers and remained dry for next daily cycle
T.10m: ok, stn4 1hr before midnight: see comments for T.2m,
other sites in pretty good agreement for daytime and nighttime, stns 1 &2 slightly warmer than 3-4
RH.10m: ok, most of night stn 2 few%RH higher than other sites; daytime stn 1 few%RH lower than other sites
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: stn 2 about 0.5 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4, stns 1&3 are in between these sites
stn 4 about 0.5 g/m^3 lower than other sites in daytime, stn 3 generally highest
Spd.10m: ok, before midnight: stn 1 fastest speed vs. stns 2 & 3 slowest speed (difference of close to 1.0 m/s)
after midnight: sites in close agreement except stns 1&3 slightly higher speed than stn 2 from 6:00-7:00
daytime: no discernible differences among the sites
Dir.10m: ok, NE flow much of night and early morning. ENE to E by late morning, Easterly in the afternoon
more stn scatter of direction (Site 1 & 2) to E winds (overlapping wakes from several turbines?)
T.10m - T.2m: ok, stn 2 is slightly warmer at 2m vs. 10 m for much of overnight, other stations have no to little temp gradient in nighttime
daytime stn2 1.0 to 1.5 degrees warmer at 2m vs. 10 m than other sites
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 slightly drier gradient than sites 1-3 much of the night,
daytime stn 4 is 1.0 g/m^3 drier at 10m vs. 2m than other other sites (earlier planted corn drawing out more water?)
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m
dir.4.5m: ok, see comments of dir.10m
w.4.5m: ok, night: stn 4 less descent (-0.02 m/s) than stns 2 & 3 (-0.06 m/s), less fluctuation in w (-0.04 m/s) for stn 1
daytime stn 3 more w<0 (-0.12 m/s) 9:00-13:00 and again at 16:00
daytime stn 2 w~-0.1 m/s mid morning but going slightly positive to -0.02 m/s after 11:00-16:00 (multiple turbine wake influence?)
tc.4.5m: ok, stn 2 about 0.3 degree cooler than other sites most of night
ldiag: ok
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 above 100mV, early morning rise to over 200 mV and returning to 150mV by late afternoon
stn 4 above 100 mV, similar pattern as at Site 2
kh2o: ok, stn 4 is reading about 0.5 g/m^ more moist than other sites in night, 1.0 g/m^3 more moist than stn 2 in daytime
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 17-13 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 slightly drier than stn 3 for night,about 0.3 g/m^3 drier than stn 3 in daytime
lidiag (licor): ok, a few samples are questionable from 13:00 to 17:00
TKE.4.5m: ok, stn 3 slightly higher TKE than other stns up through 3:00
stns 2 & 4 lowest TKE of the group for nighttime
daytime, all sites have comparable values with the significant scatter (intersecting wakes reaching the towers for E wind?)
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u'
u* : ok, stn 3 about 0.05 m/s higher from 1:00-3:00; see comment for TKE.4.5m, also pattern seen in u'w'
w'T' : ok, nighttime: most stations in agreement
daytime: stn 4 less heat flux than other sites, stn 3 has highest heat flux; about 0.06 C m/s between the two
w'h2o': ok, stn 2 least daytime vapor flux ~0.12 g/m^2/s, other stns 1&3 about 0.16 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': ok, morning: more variance (0.05 (g/m^3)^2) at stns 1 & 3 than sites 2 & 4
early afternoon: stn 1&3 about ~0.80 max, stn 4 about 0.6, stn 1 about 0.45
kh2o'kh2o': ok,
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, no consistent night pattern of flux > 0 at one site more than other
daytime stn 3 greater co2 uptake several periods in afternoon (more Easterly wind vs. NE in late night/early morning)
co2'co2': ok, fairly similar among both site 1 & 3
This table summarizes the sonic and prop vane azimuths. Azimuth angles were shot relative to magnetic north with the datascope.
date |
stn |
whom |
sonic (measured,magnetic) |
sonic Vazimuth (calculated,true) |
prop (measured,magnetic) |
prop azimuth (calc,true) |
notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6/29 |
1 |
Kurt, Rus |
356.3, 356.7 |
267.8 |
92.3, 92.6 |
273.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/24 |
2 |
Gordon, Dan |
357.0 |
268.3 |
93.3 |
274.6 |
|
6/29 |
2 |
Kurt |
357.0 |
268.3 |
93.3 |
274.6 |
good agreement with 6/24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/29 |
3 |
Kurt |
353.0 |
264.3 |
93.2 |
274.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6/24 |
4 |
Gordon, Dan |
354.3 |
265.6 |
92.6 |
273.9 |
|
6/29 |
4 |
Kurt |
353.5 |
264.8 |
88.9 |
270.2 |
prop disagrees (-3.7 deg) with 6/24 |
7/5 |
4 |
Dan, Kris |
354.2 |
265.5 |
|
|
Magnetic declination = 1.3 deg E
sonic: Vazimuth = measured + declination - 90
Vazimuth is the direction that the sonic V axis is pointing, and is the rotation angle of horizontal wind components from instrument to geographic coordinates.
prop: azimuth = measured + declination + 180
prop azimuth is the angle that is added to the wind directions measured by the propvane, so that they are relative to true north.
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site, but at nearby ISU towers and CU wind cube stations
northerly to ENE nighttime flow, NE to E flow in daytime,
rain showers in mid morning also in early afternoon
weak flow and cooler, little sensible heating
some corn was damaged in the pathways walking to the wind cube (likely from early Monday morning derecho)
damage path orientation of stalks mostly from WNW
corn about 1 week from tasseling at stns 1 & 2, possibly early next week at stn 4
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night, lower voltage at stns 1 & 3 during mid afternoon (rain showers were present)
P: ok
T.2m: ok, stn2 about 0.5 degree cooler than stns 1 & 3 from 22:00 (Jul 11) to 1:30 (Jul 12) and from 3:00-5:00
stn 2 is about 0.3-0.7 degree warmer than other sites in daytime
RH.2m: 95-100% nighttime; dropping to 80%-85% by afternoon
night before rain: stns 2 & 4 few% RH higher than stn 1,3
daytime stns 3-4 ~ few% RH higher than stn 2 most of morning/afternoon
stn 2 few %RH lower than stn 1 (from 13:00-14:00)
H2O.2m: ok, 22 g/m^3 before midnight night, drop to around 15 g/m^3 by 3:00
daytime rise to 18 g/m^3
stn 2 about 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 drier than other sites from 22:00 Jul 10 - 0:00 and from 3:00-4:00
stn 1 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier than other sites from 5:00 to 8:00
daytime stn 1 and 2 are 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 drier than other sites (12:30-13:30)
Wetness: dew collected on sensor by 9:00 [Jul 11] until 0:30 [Jul 12], sensor remaining wet until 6:00;
more rainfall at 9:00, 10:30, and 2:00
T.10m: ok, stn 1 0.2 to 0.5 degree warmer than other sites from 23:30 (Jul 11) to 0:30 (Jul 12) also from 1:00-2:00
from 3:00-5:00 stn 2 is 0.3-0.5 degrees cooler than stns 3 & 4, and about 0.7 to 1.0 degree cooler than stn 1
stations in most agreement after rainfall and into the afternoon
RH.10m: ok, before midnight stn 4 few %RH lower than stns 1-3 , after midnight stn 1 few %RH lower than stn 3 &4, about 5-7%RH lower than stn 2
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime most stns within 0.1 to 0.2 g/m^3 of each other except for 2:00-5:00 (stn 4 about 0.5 g/m^3 drier than stns 2 & 3)
stn 4 about 0.5 g/m^3 lower than other sites in daytime (both before/after rain showers), stn 2 most moist
Spd.10m: ok, much of night stn 1 fastest speed vs. stn 2 slowest speed (difference of close to 1.5 m/s at 3:30)
stns 3 & 4 in most agreement stn 2 is 0.5 m/s higher than other sites before midnight, less change after midnight,
daytime: slightly less speed at stn 2 vs. other sites
Dir.10m: ok, N to ENE flow much of night and early morning.
slight period of easterlies from 11:30-13:30 then return to NE flow rest of afternoon (after another shower passage)
T.10m - T.2m: ok, stn 2 is 0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than at stn 2,3 before midnight to 4:30
daytime before/during/after rain showers stn2 0.5 to 1.0 degrees warmer at 2m vs. 10 m than other sites
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 4 drier gradient than sites 1-3 much of the night, slight period 3:00-4:00 when stn 2 is 0.5 g/m^3 moist at 10 m vs. 2m than 1 & 3 by 0.5 /m^3 drier than stns 1 & 3
daytime stns 3 & 4 are drier (more negative gradient, ~2.0 g/m^3 ,10m-2m) than other sites (1.5 g/m^3)
daytime stns 1 & 2 in close agreement slightly smaller dry gradient than at other sites
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m, stn2 speed is not above other sites at 3:30 as in spd.10m
dir.4.5m: ok, stn 2 more ENE vs. other sites NE wind at 4.5 m, all sites at 10m with NE wind in this period
w.4.5m: ok, stns 3 & 4 more w>0 (0.02 m/s) for much of the night, stns 1 & 2 more w<0 at night
daytime for NE flow stns 3 & 4 more w>0 than other sites, stns 1 & 2 more w<0 stn 3 & 4
daytime for E flow stns 1 & 2 less w<0 (-0.04m/s) than stns 3 & 4 (0.12 m/s)
tc.4.5m: ok, stn 2 about 0.5 to 0.7 degree cooler than other stns much of night
ldiag: ok, a few samples not taken in portions of overnight or during the rain events
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 below 100 mV during rainfall, returning to above 100 mV within 30 minutes of rain
stn 4 below 100 mV during rainfall, returning to slightly above 100 mV within 30 minutes of a rain event
kh2o: ok, stn 4 and 2 not affected by noise in overnight, spike signal returns during shower/storm activity
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 19-15 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 close to stn 3 for night period, noise more often at stn 3 during morning/afternoon rain events
lidiag (licor): ok, a few 100s samples missing at stn 1 around 22:00 and also at both site 1 & 3 during the morning and afternoon shower events
TKE.4.5m: ok, stn 1 about 0.1-0.15 m^2/s^2 larger TKE than other sites several periods in overnight
stn 2 lowest TKE of the group for nighttime
daytime, all sites have comparable values
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in v'v' and somewhat in u'u'
u* : ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also pattern seen in u'w' and v'w'
night: greater u* at stn 1 vs. other sites, stn 2 lowest, also seen in v'w' stress
w'T' : ok, nighttime: stn 1 more cooling (-0.04 C m/s) than other sites (-0.02 C m/s)
daytime: stn 4 less max heat flux than other sites, stn 2 & 3 have highest daytime peak
w'h2o': ok, most of daytime all sites have similar positive flux max ~0.12 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': ok, slightly more variance at stn 3 for a few afternoon periods
kh2o'kh2o': ok, good agreement and low noise except during rain events
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, no consistent night pattern of flux > 0 at one site more than other; maybe stn 1 > stn 3 but only from 3:30-5:00
daytime stn 3 greater co2 uptake only when turbines are pointed east; for NE wind there is not much change from stns 1 & 3
co2'co2': ok, very small, except during/after rainfall (anomalous readings expected)
July 11, 16:15 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site
thunder storm passage with very strong winds (25 m/s) 4:00-4:30
overnight wakes from ESE to SE direction (Stn 2 more under 'turbine influence')
before the storm wake from southerly direction
boundary passing in late morning switches turbine wakes to WNW to NW for the afternoon and evening
sensors functional except during/ few hrs. after rain events
krypton sensors possibly need cleaning
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night
P: ok
T.2m: ok, stn4 about 0.5 degree cooler than stns 2-4 from 9:30 (Jul 10) to 0:30 (Jul 11)
stn 2 is about 1.0 degree warmer than other sites in daytime
RH.2m: 95-100% nighttime; dropping to 75% by afternoon
night before rain: stn 4 few% RH higher than stn 2-3,
night after rain stn 1&3 few% RH lower than sites 2 & 4
daytime stns 3-4 ~ 5% RH higher than stn 2, stn 2 few %RH lower than stn 1
H2O.2m: ok, 22 g/m^3 night, after storm drop to 17 g/m^3; daytime rise to 23 g/m^3
stn 2 about 1.0 g/m^3 more than other sites from 22:00 Jul 10 - 0:00
after midnight stn 1& 3 agree and stn 2 & 4 agree about 0.75 g/m^3 less at sites 1, 3
after rainfall same pattern also seen stn 1,3 drier than 2,4
daytime stn 1 and 4 (sometimes) are 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 less than other stations
Wetness: dew collected on sensor by 8:30 [Jul 9] until 3:30 [Jul 10], sensor remaining wet following storm passage 3:30-4:30, continual shower until 6:30
sensor dry by 11:30
T.10m: ok, stn 2 0.75 degree warmer than stn 4 before midnight, other sites in btwn stn 2 & 4
stations in most agreement after rainfall and into the afternoon
RH.10m: ok, stn4 a few%RH lower than stn 2, other sites in between for night period before rain
stn 1 & 4 few% RH lower than other sites for afternoon
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime (before rain): 0.5 g/m^3 less vapor at stn 4 vs. stn 2 (stns 1,3 in between the two)
after rain this difference is 0.2 g/m^3 or less
few daytime periods with 1 g/m^3 less vapor at stn 4 than stns 2-3 as in H2O.2m
Spd.10m: ok, stn 2 0.5 m/s higher than other sites before midnight, less change after midnight,
daytime: stn 2 certain periods early afternoon of slightly lower wspd than other sites other wise good agreement
Dir.10m: ok, ESE to E flow much of evening, SSE a few hours before rainfall, after storm passage winds from NE to later S by 9:00
cold front passage around 9:30, winds mostly out of W to WNW in afternoon
T.10m - T.2m: ok, stns 4 0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than at stn 2,3 mostly before midnight
daytime stn2 warmer at 2m than 10 m at least by 1.0 degree from 11:00-16:00, late afternoon nearing 2.0 DT difference than other sites
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 1 and 3 slightly more moist gradient than site 2 &4, stn 4 about 0.5-0.75 g/m^3 drier than stns 1 & 3
daytime stns 3 & 4 are drier (more negative gradient, ~2.0 g/m^3 ,10m-2m) than other sites (1.5 g/m^3)
daytime stn 1 slightly smaller dry gradient than at other sites
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m
dir.4.5m: ok, larger nighttime variations noted at 4.5 vs. 10 m from 22:00 (Jul 10)-1:00 (Jul 11)
stn 1 more ESE vs. other sites SE wind at 4.5 m, all sites at 10m with SE wind in this period
w.4.5m: ok, stn 2 more w>0 (0.03 m/s) in early evening but not so much after midnight, stns 3 &4 more w<0 (-0.05 m/s) for much of the night
stn 1 closest to 0 in nighttime (-0.02 m/s)
after storm passage: stns 3 mostly w<0 (-0.06 m/s), stn2 slightly w>0
pattern changes after cold front passage, afternoon max w at Site 4 (~0.08 m/s), min at stns 1 & 2 (-0.06 m/s)
tc.4.5m: ok, stn 2 about 0.6 degree warmer than stn 1 before midnight other sites in between (turbine wake from the ESE?)
before storm event stns 1 &2 are about 0.5 cooler than sites 3 & 4 (turbine wake from south)
site 1 slightly cooler than other sites for mid-late afternoon
ldiag: ok, a few 100s samples missing around thunderstorm event
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 below 10 mV before rainfall, above 80 mV after rainfall until mid afternoon
stn 4 below at or above 100 mV most of night; dropping to 50 mV by afternoon
kh2o: not ok, stn 4 and 2 affected by noise in overnight, signal is restored around late morning (values within those at sites 1 & 3)
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 12-25 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 close to stn 3 for night period, though 5 g/m^3 more moist at stn 1 vs. stn 3 after the rainfall until 7:00
lidiag (licor): ok, a few samples not taken during and after rain fall (4:00-11:00)
TKE.4.5m: ok, for ESE flow before midnight stn 2 about 0.1 m^2/s^2 larger TKE than other sites
after midnight stn 3 & 4 about 0.25 m^2s^2 more than Site 1 and 2 for SSE to S winds
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in v'v'
u* : ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also pattern seen in u'w' and v'w'
night: greater departure in stn 2 v.s other sites v'w' stress than u'w' stress
w'T' : ok, nighttime: stn 2 more cooling (-0.03 C m/s) than other sites (-0.01 C m/s)
daytime: stn 4 less max heat flux than other sites, stn 2 & 1 have highest daytime peak
w'h2o': ok, stn 4 and 2 least positive daytime flux max~0.15 g/m^2/s
stn 3 gives most flux > 0 about 0.18 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': ok, stns 1,3 mostly in agreement except during thunderstorm
kh2o'kh2o': not ok, krypton sensors at site 4 high anomalous readings during/after rainfall, agreement after late morning
co2: ok,
w'co2': ok, no consistent night pattern of flux > 0 at one site more than other
before frontal passage stn 3 more flux < 0 than stn 1
after cold front stn 1 often more negative flux than stn 3
co2'co2': ok, very small, but less variance at stn 3 than stn 1 for most of nighttime
after sensor dries from rain: slightly larger variance at stn 3 vs. stn 1 also in daytime
To check whether the krypton noise is sonic related, I've been doing some tests, changing the sonic data rate.
As of 10:42, it is now set to A9 (10sps). I'll leave this running for a few minutes to allow me to go back and look at the data.
10:50 set back to Ac (20sps).
(It looked like the winds were bad for this time period, so I didn't think much data would be lost.)
P.S. The data that I captured appear to have 2Hz noise in both configurations.
July 10, 9:52 CDT [July 11]
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site
winds from SE to SSW during night ~5m/s , southerly during daytime ~10 m/s
thunder shower passage 9:00 to 11:00
winds light from ESE early afternoon to SSE late evening
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night
P: ok
T.2m: ok, stn1 about 0.5 degree cooler than stns 2-4 around 0:00-1:00
stn 2 is about 0.5-0.75 degrees warmer than other sites in daytime, stn4 is slightly cooler than stns 1 & 3
RH.2m: 90-95% nighttime; 85% daytime after thunder storm passage
early night: stn 4 5% RH higher than stn 1-3,
daytime 12:30 to 4:00 stn 5% RH lower than stn1, stn 1 few %RH lower than stn 3 & 4
early evening stns 1-2 few%RH lower than stns 3 & 4
H2O.2m: ok, 18 g/m^3 night, 26 g/m^3 day;
stn 1 about 0.3-0.5 g/m^3 less than other sites most of overnight;
daytime stn 1 0.5-0.7 g/m^3 less than stns 2 & 4, stn3 0.5 to 0.7 g/m^3 more than stn 2 & 4
Wetness: sensor response to dew at 20:00 [Jul 9] until 5:30 [Jul 10], sensor remaining wet following storm passage (9:00 thru 11:30)
sensor dry by 13:00
T.10m: ok, stn 2 0.5 degree warmer than other sites between 0:00-1:00, 2:30-3:30
daytime stn4 slightly cooler (0.25 degrees?) than other stations
RH.10m: ok, stn4 few%RH lower than other sites for several nighttime periods
stn 1 slightly lower than other sites for daytime
H2O.10m: ok, nighttime: 0.5 g/m^3 less vapor at stn 4 vs. stn 2 (stns 1,3 in between the two)
few daytime periods with 1 g/m^3 less vapor at stn 4 than stns 2-3, stn 4 driers, stn 1 in between all sites
Spd.10m: ok, stn 1 0.75-1.0 m/s lower than other sites from 1:00-2:00, 5:00-6:00 other times within 0.5 m/s less of other sites,
daytime: stn 4 certain periods of slightly lower wspd than other sites
Dir.10m: ok, SSE to S flow much of night, ESE a few hours before rainfall, after storm passage winds from ESE to later SSE
T.10m - T.2m: ok, stns 1 & 4 0.5 degree warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than at stn 2,3 mostly before midnight on Jul 9
daytime stn2 warmer at 2m than 10 m at least by 0.75 degrees from 13:00-15:00 by as much as 1.5 degrees
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stn 1 near zero gradient vs. than other sites (~0.5 g/m^3 drier at 10 m) most of night
daytime stns 3 & 4 are drier (more negative gradient, ~3.0 g/m^3 ,10m-2m) than other sites (2.0 g/m^3)
daytime stn 1 slightly smaller dry gradient than at other sites
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m
dir.4.5m: ok, larger nighttime variations noted at 4.5 vs. 10 m from 22:00 (Jul 9)-2:00 (Jul 10)
stn 1 more SSE vs. other sites S wind at 4.5 m, all sites at 10m with S wind in this period
w.4.5m: ok, stn 2 more w>0 (0.03 m/s) from 22:00 (Jul 9) -4:00 (Jul 10) than other sites, stns 3 &4 more w<0 (-0.05 m/s) during this period
stn 1 closest to 0 in nighttime (0.02 m/s)
after storm passage: stns 3-4 mostly w<0 (-0.10 m/s) much of daytime, stn2 closest to zero or slight ascent in daytime
tc.4.5m: ok, stns 1 & 2 about 0.5 degree cooler than stns 3-4 much of nighttime
same sites also 0.3-0.5 degree cooler much of mid afternoon/evening
ldiag: ok, a few 100 samples missing around rainstorm
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 above 100 mV before rain fall, below 20 mV rest of period
stn 4 above 100 mV most of night/morning; below 50 mV after the rain and the remainder of the period
kh2o: ok, stn 4 about 1 g/m^3 drier than stn 2 in night and daytime
anomalies in reading until sensor dries out around 15:00 then stn 2 about 2 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 16-24 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 close to stn 3 for night period
daytime agreement with stn 1-3, these are about 0.5 g/m^3 drier than stn 4 and about 2 g/m^3 drier than stn 2
lidiag (licor): ok, a few samples not taking during and after rain fall (9:00-12:00)
TKE.4.5m: ok, stn 1 consistently lower TKE (0.20 m^2/s^2) in overnight than other sites (0.3-0.4 m^2/s^2), stn4 peak values (~0.6 m^2/s^2)
slight periods where stn 3 & 4 have TKE close to stn 1 value
daytime slightly lower TKE (0.3 m^2/s^2) at stn 3 & 4 vs. other sites
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and v'v'
u* : ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, 0.05 m/s lower at stn 1 vs. other sites for much of overnight, also pattern seen in u'w' and v'w'
greater departure in stn 1 v.s other sites v'w' stress than u'w' stress
w'T' : ok, nighttime: stn 4 more cooling (-0.03 C m/s) than other sites (-0.01 C m/s)
daytime: no major differences among sites
w'h2o': ok, stn 3 & 4 give largest positive daytime flux max~0.20 g/m^2/s
stn 2 least upward flux max~0.15 g/m^2/s, about 0.025 g/m^2/s less than at stn 3
h2o'h2o': ok, stns 1,3 mostly in agreement
kh2o'kh2o': not ok, krypton sensors at sites 2,4 give high anomalous readings after the morning rainfall until 15:00
co2: ok, stn 1 > stn 3 by 0.01 g/m^3 much of nighttime
daytime stn 1 > stn 3 by 0.02 g/m^3
w'co2': ok, see comments for co2 (slight flux > 0 at stn 3 vs. stn 1 in overnight)
more flux < 0 at stn 3 vs. stn 1 during daytime
co2'co2': ok, very small, but less variance at stn 3 than stn 1 for most of nighttime
after sensor dries from rain: slightly larger variance at stn 3 vs. stn 1 also in daytime
July 9, 15:02 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, no ISFS staff on-site
winds from SE to SSW during night ~5m/s , southerly during daytime ~10 m/s
several data fields are suggesting influence from turbine wakes especially in the nighttime
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night
P: ok
T.2m: ok, stn1 about 1.0 degree cooler than stns 2-4 several night periods 0:00-2:00, 3:00-3:30 (southerly turbine wake)
stn 4 is slightly cooler than other sites in daytime
RH.2m: 80-95% nighttime; 70% daytime
early night: stn 4 5% RH higher than stn 2,3, stn 1 5%RH lower than 2,3
daytime: stn 1 few% RH lower than stns 2-4
H2O.2m: ok, 17 g/m^3 night, 19 g/m^3 day;
stn 1 about 0.5-1.0 g/m^3 less than other sites from 23:00 (Jul 8) - 5:00 (Jul 9);
daytime stn 1 0.5 g/m^3 less than other sites, stn4 highest vapor content
Wetness: sensor response to dew around midnight
wetness accumulation through 7:00; sensor dry by 8:30 CDT
T.10m: ok, stns 1 and 2 similar nighttime temp (0.5 degree cooler than stn 3 and 4) between 0:00-2:00, also slightly cooler at 4:00-5:00
daytime stn4 slightly cooler (0.2 degrees?) than other stations
RH.10m: ok, stns 1,2 few%RH higher than other sites from 0:00 to 2:00 also from 3:30-7:00 stns 1-3 few%RH higher than stn 4
H2O.10m: ok stns 2-3 few g/m^3 higher than 1,4 from 22:00 (Jul 8) to 2:00 (Jul 9), also from 3:00-4:00
7:00-8:30 stn 4 slightly lower than other sites, remains driest site through afternoon
Spd.10m: ok, stn 1 0.5-0.75 m/s lower than other sites much of the nighttime, all stns have agreeable daytime speed
Dir.10m: ok, SE to SSE flow much of night, S in daytime
T.10m - T.2m: ok, stns 1 & 4 few degrees warmer at 10 m vs. 2m than at stn 2,3 from 23:00 (Jul8) to 2:00 (Jul 9)
daytime stn4 slightly warmer at 2m than 10m (dt~ -1.0) at other sites (-0.8 )
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stns 1 about 1 g/m^3 moist at 10m vs. 2 m than other sites (~ zero gradient nighttime) from 23:00 (Jul 8) to 4:00 (Jul 9)
daytime stns 3 & 4 are drier (more negative gradient, ~2.0 g/m^3 ,10m-2m) than other sites
daytime stn 1 smallest dry gradient of all sites (-1.0 g/m^3 less at 10m-2m)
spd.4.5m: ok, see comments of Spd.10m for nighttime, daytime stn 1&2 about 0.5 m/s greater speed than sites 3-4
dir.4.5m: ok, larger nighttime variations noted at 4.5 vs. 10 m from 23:00 (Jul 8)-2:00 (Jul 9)
stn 1 more ESE vs. other sites SSE wind at 4.5 m, all sites at 10m with SSE wind in this period
w.4.5m: ok, stn 2 more w>0 (0.03 m/s) from 23:00 (Jul 8) -2:00 than other sites, stns 3 &4 more w<0 during this period
stn 4 largest subsidence for nighttime (-0.06 m/s)
stn 1 closest to 0 in nighttime (0.02 m/s)_, stn2 mostly above zero most of night and daytime (0.04 m/s)
stns 1,3-4 mostly w<0 much of daytime, stn3 has greatest subsidence (-0.12 m/s or smaller)
tc.4.5m: ok, stns 1 & 2 about 0.75-1.0 degree cooler than stns 3-4 from 0:00-2:00 and again from 4:00-5:30
sites all in agreement for much of daytime
ldiag: ok, a few samples missing around 0:00 GMT at stn 2
vh2ov: ok, stn 2 btwn 100-150 mV
stn 4 slightly higher up to 200 mV in early morning (dew impacts?) then returning to around 100 mV
kh2o: ok, stn 2 about 1 g/m^3 drier than stn 4 in night and daytime
anomalous drop in stn 4 around period of heaviest dew formation 5:00-7:00
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 15-20 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
stn 1 about 0.75 g/m^3 drier than stn 3 for night period
daytime agreement with stn 1-3, but about 1.0 g/m^3 more moist than stn 4 and about 2 g/m^3 more moist than stn 2
lidiag (licor): ok
TKE.4.5m: ok, stn 1 consistently lower TKE (0.10 m^2/s^2) in overnight than other sites (0.25-0.3), stn4 peak values (~0.5 m^2/s^2)
daytime slightly lower TKE (0.3 m^2/s^2) at stn 3 vs. other sites
w'w': ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, also similar pattern in u'u' and v'v'
u* : ok, see comment for TKE.4.5m, 0.10 m/s lower at stn 1 vs. other sites for much of overnight, also pattern seen in u'w' and v'w'
w'T' : ok, nighttime: stn 1 less cooling (-0.01 C m/s) than other sites (-0.02 to -0.04 C m/s)
daytime: well-mixed situations so no major differences among sites
w'h2o': ok, slightly flux > 0 at stn 2-4 during the night, stn 1 flux ~0!
stn 1 & 4 give largest positive daytime flux max~0.16 g/m^2/s
stn 2 least upward flux max~0.125 g/m^2/s
h2o'h2o': ok, stns 1,3 mostly in agreement, daytime: stn 3 a bit higher than stn 1
kh2o'kh2o': ok, large spike in stn 4 around 5:00-5:30 but daytime response after dew ok
stn 2 about 0.10 (g/m^3)^2 less than stn 4
co2: ok, stn 1 > stn 3 by 0.10 g/m^3 during 22:00 (Jul 8) to 1:00 (Jul 9)
another smaller difference (0.04 g/m^3) from 3:00-5:00
daytime stn 1 > stn 3 by 0.015 g/m^3
w'co2': ok, see comments for co2 (more flux >0 at stn 3 vs. stn 1 in overnight)
more flux < 0 at stn 3 vs. stn 1 during daytime
co2'co2': ok, very small, but less variance at stn 3 than stn 1 for most of nighttime
slightly larger variance at stn 3 vs. stn 1 also in daytime
July 8, 18:16 CDT
Dan Rajewski (in Ames)
Summary: Stations 1-4 operational, Kris and Dan serviced sites 2,4 to clean krypton sensors;
after the lens cleaning vh2ov above 100 mV for stn 2,4;
means and variances of kh2o also reasonable;
mostly clear skies in overnight, visibility reduced to 1-2 mi for 1.5 hours before/during sunrise, daytime cumulus;
winds from ENE to WSW during night, westerly mid morning, variable direction much of afternoon
Vdsm: 13.5-13.8 V during day, down to 12.5 at night
(why are there sharp drops (to 13.0 V) at stn 3 around 16:50 and 17:50?)
P: ok
T.2m: ok, stn1 about 1.0 degree warmer than stns 2-4 5:30 to 6:30 (also sensor has
moisture spike around this time but not at other sites)
RH.2m: 85-100% nighttime; 55-65% day
much of overnight stn 2 and 4 agree about 2-3% RH higher than stn 1 and 3, mid morning stn 1 few% RH lower than other sites
H2O.2m: ok
Wetness: sensor response to dew around local midnight
wetness accumulation through 7:00; sensor dry by 9:30 CDT
T.10m: ok, stn 2 and 4 similar nighttime temp (0.5 degree cooler than stn 1 and 3) between 5:00-6:30
RH.10m: ok, stn 2 about few%RH higher than other sites from 2:00 to 5:00
H2O.10m: ok see comments with RH.10m
Spd.10m: ok, is there a weak jet influencing the sfc from 2:30-5:30?
Dir.10m: ok, ENE to WSW winds in night-mid morning, back to N to NE in late afternoon/evening
T.10m - T.2m: ok, similar at all sites in most of daytime
H2O.10m - H2O.2m: ok, stns 2 and 4 1-2% higher vapor concentration (drier at 10m vs. 2m) than sites 1,3 from 0:00-2:00 CDT
spd.4.5m: ok, stn 1 about 0.5 m/s higher than other sites during 4:30-5:30 and also 8:15-8:45
dir.4.5m: ok, larger nighttime variations noted at 4.5 vs. 10 m from 3:00-7:00 CDT
w.4.5m: ok, stn 3-4 more w<0 from 1:00-2:00 than other sites (during time of more easterly turbine wakes at stns 1-2)
tc.4.5m: ok, stn 2 about 0.5-0.75 degree cooler than stns 1,3-4 from 1:30-5:30
ldiag: ok
vh2ov: ok, after cleaning sensor lenses
stn 2 went from about 120 mV to 230 mV after cleaning
stn 4 went from about 10 mV to 175 mV after cleaning
kh2o: ok, after cleaning
stn 4 back within levels of other sites
h2o(licor): ok, btwn 15-19 g/m^3 for night to day behavior
lidiag (licor): ok, some warnings at stn3 from 5:00-6:30
TKE.4.5m: ok,
w'w': ok,
u* : ok
w'T' : ok, stn4 less positive heat flux in much of daytime (corn stage more mature than at stns,1-2, more LE?)
stn 4 max of 0.09 C m/s, stn 3 max of 0.14 C m/s, stns 1,2 ~0.10-0.12 C m/s
w'h2o': ok after cleaning sensor at sites 2,4
h2o'h2o': ok, stns 1,3 mostly in agreement
kh2o'kh2o': ok after cleaning the sensors; high variance in morning during dew/fog
w'co2': ok, stn 1 & 3 are in close agreement most of the diurnal period
co2'co2': ok
Kris and Dan cleaned the krypton sensors at sites 2 and 4.
After later talking with Steve Oncley, the maintenance has improved readings from the sensors as both sites have voltage readings above 100 mV.
Time history of site visit (all times CDT)
Site 2
14:00 site arrival and begin lowering mast
14:08 mast lowered
14:11 Kris cleans sensor lens
14:13-14:22 Mast in vertical position and south facing guy anchor hook is fastened
(delay from the anchor hook on the north-east facing tripod leg twisted into the wrong position when the mast was being lifted. Mast was partially lowered to reposition the anchor hook before raising the mast to its final vertical position)
14:32 leaving the site
Site 4
15:00 arrive at the mast
15:08 mast is lowered
15:10 Kris cleans sensor lens
15:13-15:17 mast is returned to vertical position and south facing guy anchor hook is fastened
15:20 leaving the site