HRRR-TLE
Need to verify:
- Probability of precipitation exceeding a threshold (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0") over 6 hr period (water equivalent)
- Probability of snowfall accumulation exceeding a threshold (1, 3, 6") over a 6 hr period
- Probability of snowfall rate exceeding a threshold (0.5, 1, 2") over 1 hr
Snow analyses
WPC snow depth analysis
Email from Trevor (Feb 11, 2016):
For sub-24-h periods, WPC creates their own snowfall analysis using 1-h Stage-IV QPE, identifying areas where RAP profiles indicate a precipitation type of snow, and multiplying QPE there by 10 (2:1 for sleet). Given the 10:1 ratio, this isn't a good way to verify HRRR forecasts that use a variable snow ratio algorithm. The hourly Stage-IV is also radar-based and uses virtually no observations. So you could certainly use this analysis to test out MET/MODE on HRRR snowfall, but we would need to take any results with a grain of salt. Mike Bodner is willing to provide the sub-24-h analyses, though he needs to find a way to convert from GEMPAK format. I'll put you both in touch when he makes some progress there.
UPDATE from Mike (29 Feb):
I made a large tar file of all the verification data and uploaded on the directory you created (our ftp site). The data is through Feb 26 (there's a 2/2 day lag due to QC'd Stage 4 availability.
Starting around Feb 1 or 2, I started writing out the 6 and 24 hr fields on the grid. Prior to this, the 1-hour only is listed. However, GEMPAK will read and make a 6 and 24 hour on the fly.
Data: dakota:/d3/projects/USWRP_ENSHAZ/WPC_Snowfall_Analysis
NOHRSC: http://www.nohrsc.noaa.gov/nsa/
This data set contains output from the NOAA National Weather Service's National Operational Hydrologic Remote Sensing Center (NOHRSC) SNOw Data Assimilation System (SNODAS), beginning 1 October 2003. SNODAS is a modelling and data assimilation system developed by the NOHRSC to provide the best possible estimates of snow cover and associated variables to support hydrologic modelling and analysis. The aim of SNODAS is to provide a physically consistent framework to integrate snow data from satellite and airborne platforms, and ground stations with model estimates of snow cover (Carroll et al. 2001). SNODAS includes procedures to ingest and downscale output from Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models; a physically based, spatially-distributed energy- and mass-balance snow model; and procedures to assimilate satellite-derived, airborne and ground-based observations of snow covered area and snow water equivalent. The NOHRSC products available from NSIDC are gridded data sets for the continental United States at 1-km spatial resolution and 24-hour temporal resolution.
SNODAS is run each day, with analysts deciding whether or not to use remote sensing and ground based observations to update the snow water equivalent state in the model.
The monthly files, named SNODAS_YYYYMM, are .tar archives that contain a series of the following daily files.
The daily files, named SNODAS_YYYYMMDD, are .tar archives that contain a series of smaller .tar.gz files that correspond to different physical elements.
Example: | ||
---|---|---|
us_ssmv01025SlL00T0024TTNATS2006010105DP001.tar.gz | -- | Non-snow precipitation, 24-hour total |
us_ssmv01025SlL01T0024TTNATS2006010105DP001.tar.gz | -- | Snow precipitation, 24-hour total |
us_ssmv11034tS__T0001TTNATS2006010105HP001.tar.gz | -- | Modeled snow water equivalent |
us_ssmv11036tS__T0001TTNATS2006010105HP001.tar.gz | -- | Modeled snow depth |
us_ssmv11038wS__A0024TTNATS2006010105DP001.tar.gz | -- | Modeled snowpack average temperature, 24-hour average |
us_ssmv11039lL00T0024TTNATS2006010105DP000.tar.gz | -- | Modeled blowing snow sublimation rate, 24-hour total |
us_ssmv11044bS__T0024TTNATS2006010105DP000.tar.gz | -- | Modeled melt rate, 24-hour total |
us_ssmv11050lL00T0024TTNATS2006010105DP000.tar.gz | -- | Modeled snowpack sublimation rate, 24-hour total |
- Each of these files, in turn, can be uncompressed into two separate files, a text header file with a .Hdr suffix, and a binary raster file containing "big-endian" values with a .dat suffix.
- See: http://www.nohrsc.noaa.gov/archived_data/instructions.html for more information on the data.
- Download: ftp://sidads.colorado.edu/DATASETS/NOAA/G02158/
For 24-h forecasts at WWE the NOHRSC snowfall analysis was used: http://www.nohrsc.noaa.gov/snowfall/
- Trevor sent this link. I can't seem to figure out where to get to it from the main NORSCH webpage...strange.
- Past data is available back to 2006, it appears.
AFWA:
Snow depth (SNODEP) is estimated daily by the Air Force by merging satellite-derived snow cover data with daily snow depth reports from ground stations. Snow depth reports are updated by additional snowfall data or decreased by calculated snow melt. If no new snow depth or accumulation information is available, surface temperature data is used to calculate a possible snow melt for temperatures above 32-degree Fahrenheit. The merged product estimates daily snow depth in centimeters.
From Jacob (email Feb 6, 2016):
If the first guess depth is within 1/2 or 2x the analysis depth, the model snow is cycled. If the first guess depth is less than 1/2 the analysis depth, the model depth is increased to 1/2 the analysis depth. If the first guess depth is more than twice the analysis depth, the model depth is reduced to twice the analysis depth.
- Available on NOAA HPSS (GRIB1):
- ARCHM24=/NCEPPROD/hpssprod/runhistory/rh${YYYY_tm24}/${YYYYMM_tm24}/${PDY_tm24}
- htar -xvf ${ARCHM24}/dcom_us007003_${PDY_tm24}.tar ./wgrbbul/imssnow96.grb (IMS product)
- htar -xvf ${ARCHM24}/dcom_us007003_${PDY_tm24}.tar ./wgrbbul/NPR.SNWN.SP.S1200.MESH16 (Northern Hemisphere)
- htar -xvf ${ARCHM24}/dcom_us007003_${PDY_tm24}.tar ./wgrbbul/NPR.SNWS.SP.S1200.MESH16 (Southern Hemisphere)
- ARCHM24=/NCEPPROD/hpssprod/runhistory/rh${YYYY_tm24}/${YYYYMM_tm24}/${PDY_tm24}
IMS: https://nsidc.org/data/G02156
The operational data set from NESDIS provides snow cover area (SCA) and ice cover area maps for the Northern Hemisphere from February 1997 to the present from the National Ice Center's Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS). It is derived from a variety of data products including satellite imagery and in situ data. The data are provided in ASCII text and GeoTIFF formats in three different resolutions: 1 km, 4 km, and 24 km. Daily temporal resolution.
- Download: http://nsidc.org/data-set/G02156/versions/1/form
- Other datasets: https://nsidc.org/data/search/#
METAR data
From Greg (email: 2/8/16 at 10:30am)
I just enabled the real-time ingest, decode, storage of real-time PIREPs in the MySQL 'weather' database on Pileus for use in our TAIWIN project. Starting about 30minutes ago, data is flowing, however, I did not populate *before* this time (yet).
I also have many resources to *retrieve* the data (harmlessly) from the DB-tables and produce simple ascii format outputs like CSV files that can readily be imported into R-programs or Excel or whatever. The vast majority of my code for this is in Perl - but that's just a way to rapidly retrieve from tables and dump to simple flat files.
mPING data
Link to mPing data on TAIWIN page.
MRMS: http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/projects/mrms/
MRMS is an automated system that rapidly and intelligently integrates data from multiple radars and radar networks, surface and upper air observations, and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. It serves as an international testbed for research, development, evaluation and science to operations infusion of high resolution 3D radar mosaic for NWP model data assimilation and aviation applications. It also generates a suite of quantitative precipitation estimation ("Q3") products for the monitoring and warnings of floods and flash floods and in support of comprehensive hydrologic and ecosystem modeling.
- GRIB2 IDs for MRMS: http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/projects/mrms/operational/tables.php
- Application suite: http://mrms.ou.edu/
- R2O Google doc explaining data: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LeVcn_taIXZgzZb5JgWqaVr0xVs7GmA6RpHcb8ZGiwk/edit
- Available on NOAA HPSS:
- htar -tf /NCEPPROD/hpssprod/runhistory/rhyyyy/yyyymm/yyyymmdd/ldmdata.gyre.yyyymmdd.tar
- (Currently looking at PrecipFlag files)
WSHCA paper?
UTMA (formerly RTMA)
What fields? Temporal frequency?